Colposcopy

Why we do a colposcopy

Colposcopy is done when results of cervical cancer screening tests show abnormal changes in the cells of the cervix. It provides more information about the abnormal cells. Colposcopy may also be used to further assess other concerns:

• Genital warts on the cervix
• Cervicitis (an inflamed cervix)
• Benign growths, such as polyps
• Pain
• Bleeding

Sometimes colposcopy needs to be done more than once. It can also be used to check the result of a treatment.

How the procedure works

Colposcopy is done in the office. It is best done when you are not having your menstrual period, which gives a better view of the cervix. For at least 24 hours before the test, you should not douche, use tampons, use vaginal medications, or have sex.

As with a pelvic exam, you will lie on your back with your feet raised on foot rests. A speculum will hold apart the vaginal walls so the inside of the vagina and the cervix can be seen. The colposcope is placed just outside the opening of your vagina. A mild solution is applied to your cervix and vagina with a cotton swab or cotton ball. This liquid makes abnormal areas easier to see. You may feel a slight burning.

If a biopsy is needed

If we see abnormal areas, a biopsy may be done. A small piece of tissue is removed from the cervix using a special device. Cells may also be taken from the canal of the cervix, called endocervical curettage (ECC).

Recovery

If you have a colposcopy without a biopsy, you should feel fine right away. You can do the things you normally do. You may have a little spotting for a couple of days.

If you have a biopsy, you may have pain and discomfort for 1 or 2 days. Over the counter pain medications can help. You may have vaginal bleeding and a dark discharge for a few days. While the cervix heals, do not put anything into your vagina for 2 to 3 days: no sex, no tampons, no douching.